State of the World 1998
January 1998
ISBN: 0-393-31727-7
251 pages
In this fifteenth edition of State of the World, Lester R. Brown and the Worldwatch research team look at the environmental effects of continuing economic growth as the economy outgrows the earth's ecosystem. As the global economy has expanded from $5 trillion of output in 1950 to $29 trillion in 1997, its demands have crossed many of the earth's sustainable yield thresholds.
State of the World 1998 describes the consequences of the collision between the expanding economy and the earth's natural limits: shrinking forests, falling water tables, eroding soils, collapsing fisheries, rising temperatures, and disappearing species.
To reverse these trends, State of the World 1998 calls for a restructuring of the global economy, for converting a throw-away economy into a resuse/recycle economy, and for shifting from fossil fuels to solar/hydrogen energy. To do this it recommends a shift in taxes: a reduction in income taxes and an increase in taxes on carbon dioxide emissions, the generation of toxic waste, the use of pesticides, and the use of virgin raw materials.
Written in clear and concise language, with easy-to-read charts and tables, State of the World presents a view of our changing world that we cannot afford to ignore.
Chapter 1: The Future of Growth
Lester R. Brown
- Economy Outgrowing Ecosystems
- More Systems Starting to Collapse
- Learning From China
- Food Scarcity: The Wake-Up Call
- A Legacy of Tough Choices
Chapter 2: Sustaining the World's Forests
Janet N. Abramovitz
- Trends in Forest Area and Quality
- Rising Pressures on Forests
- The Impact of National Policies
- Sustainable Forest Management
- Forging a New Relationship With Forests
Chapter 3: Losing Strands in the Web of Life
John Tuxill and Chris Bright
- Birds: The Clearest of All Indicators
- Mammals: A Darker Picture
- Reptiles and Amphibians: The Hidden Fauna
- Fish: The Darkest Picture of All
- Halting the Declines
Chapter 4: Promoting Sustainable Fisheries
Anne Platt McGinn
- Extent of the Marine Biological Crisis
- The Impact of Fishing Gear
- How Overcapacity Drives Overfishing
- Social and Economic Ripple Effects
- Managing the Fishers
- Setting A New Course
Chapter 5: Struggling to Raise Cropland Productivity
Lester R. Brown
- Only Two Options
- Sources of Higher Productivity
- Raising Grain Yields
- Facing Biological Reality
- The Emerging Politics of Scarcity
Chapter 6: Recycling Organic Wastes
Gary Gardner
- Organic Material Flows
- The Cost of Breaking the Loop
- Composting Urban Garbage
- Rerouting Human Waste
- Rescaling Manure Production
- Returning to Our Organic Roots
Chapter 7: Responding to the Threat of Climate Change
Christopher Flavin and Seth Dunn
- Up the Emissions Mountain - And Down Again?
- Finding the Right Price for Carbon
- Boosting Efficiency
- Supporting New Energy Supplies
- The Challenge of Kyoto
Chapter 8: Curbing the Proliferation of Small Arms
Michael Renner
- Wars and Privatized Violence
- Like Buying Fish in the Market
- Feeding the Habit
- Taking Weapons Out of Circulation
- Registers, Codes, and Controls
Chapter 9: Assessing Private Capital Flows to Developing Countries
Hilary F. French
- Following the Money
- Natural Wealth
- Manufacturing Abroad
- The Infrastructure Boom
- The Power of the Purse
- The Rules of the Game
Chapter 10: Building a New Economy
Lester R. Brown and Jennifer Mitchell
- A New Economy
- Stabilizing Population
- Stabilizing Climate
- Steering With Tax Policy
- Crossing Political Thresholds