Worldwatch Paper #166: Purchasing Power: Harnessing Institutional Procurement for People and the Planet

July 2003
Lisa Mastny
ISBN: 1-878071-70-X
72 pages

Print Version$9.95Add to Cart

Through the things that they buy, large institutions wield great influence over the future of our planet. Nearly every institutional purchase, from office paper to buildings, entails hidden costs for the natural environment and the world's people. Shifting just a portion of that spending away from harmful goods and services to more environmentally friendly alternatives can benefit ecosystems and communities, save money, and send a powerful message to markets on behalf of more sustainable options.

Around the world, forward-thinking institutions are changing their purchasing habits to incorporate environmental concerns into all stages of their procurements. But current activity is largely restricted to industrial countries. Even there, few organizations realize the tremendous potential of their purchasing to effect positive environmental change. They also face political, legal, institutional and other obstacles to effectively using this potential.

Although not a panacea, harnessing institutional purchasing may be one of the most powerful tools available for shifting patterns of production and consumption toward sustainability. A number of organizations are working hard to push institutional purchasers to respond to rising demands for a more sustainable world.

Summary

Introduction

The Power of Procurement

Green Purchasing Pioneers

Pressures and Drivers

Overcoming Obstacles

Greening Contracts

Spreading the Movement

Appendix

Endnotes

Index

Figure 1: Number of Earths Needed If Everyone Consumed Like

Figure 2: Government Spending as Share of Gross Domestic Product, Selected Countries, 1998

Figure 3: Product Life-Cycle

Sidebar 1: Common Institutional Purchases: Environmental Impacts and Greener Alternatives

Sidebar 2: Examples of Green Purchasing in Selected Companies

Sidebar 3: Examples of Government Green Purchasing

Sidebar 4: Pressuring Home Depot To Buy Sustainable Wood Products

Sidebar 5: Inserting Environmental Demands Into Contracts

Sidebar 6: Selected Ecolabeling and Certification Schemes

Sidebar 7: Green Purchasing and the WTO

Sidebar 8: Greening Procurement at the World Bank